This report identifies the key environmental issues facing the populations of Hadhramawt and Al Mahra today, based on interviews conducted in the two governorates. It highlights that formerly exceptional droughts, floods and typhoons have become common phenomena and that such disasters, alognside other environmental concerns, represent additional stressors on communities, local administrations and existing institutions for managing and resolving conflict and are complicating the relationship between recent arrivals to the governorates and established communities. The report closes with recommendations for local authorities, communities and international actors to mitigate the impacts of climate change and better manage the conflicts that derive from it.